To implement automated GUI testing using TestFX for your JavaFX-based Personal Budgeting App, follow these steps: 1. First, add the TestFX dependency to your build configuration. If you're using Maven, add this to your `pom.xml`: ```xml org.testfx testfx-junit5 4.0.1 test ``` For Gradle, add this to your `build.gradle`: ```groovy testImplementation 'org.testfx:testfx-junit5:4.0.1' ``` 2. Create a test class for your GUI component. Here's a basic example of how to test the expense addition functionality: ```java import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith; import org.testfx.api.FxRobot; import org.testfx.framework.junit5.ApplicationExtension; import static org.testfx.assertions.api.Assertions.assertThat; @ExtendWith(ApplicationExtension.class) public class BudgetAppTest { private BudgetApp app; @BeforeEach void setUp(BudgetApp app) { this.app = app; } @Test void testAddExpense(FxRobot robot) { robot.clickOn("#addExpenseButton"); robot.write("100"); robot.clickOn("#categoryComboBox"); robot.clickOn("Food"); robot.clickOn("Add"); // Verify that the expense was added assertThat(robot.lookup("#expenseTable").queryTable().getRows().size()).isEqualTo(1); } } ``` 3. Make sure your `BudgetApp` class is properly configured for testing: ```java import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane; import javafx.stage.Stage; public class BudgetApp extends Application { @Override public void start(Stage stage) { BorderPane root = new BorderPane(); Scene scene = new Scene(root, 600, 400); stage.setScene(scene); stage.show(); } public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } } ``` 4. Run your tests using your IDE's test runner or through Maven/Gradle. Key points to consider: - Always keep your test code separate from your production code - Use descriptive names for your test methods - Test both valid and invalid input scenarios - Consider using a testing library like JUnit 5 for better test organization For further reading: - [TestFX Documentation](https://github.com/TestFX/TestFX) - [JUnit 5 User Guide](https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/)